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$deliminator . "INVOICE" . $deliminator . "ITEMS" . $deliminator . "-1" . $deliminator . floatval($detailedInfo['tax_amount']) . $deliminator . "-" . floatval($detailedInfo['tax_amount']) . $deliminator . "TAX" . $deliminator . "TAX" . "\r\n"; } // ======================================= // End the TRNS section // ======================================= $csvFile .= "ENDTRNS\r\n"; } // ======================================= // STEP 5: create file and store it on server // ======================================= $fp = fopen($iif_file,'w'); echo "Creating local file: $iif_file ... "; $re = fputs($fp, $csvFile); if (!$re) die("FAILED! \n"); echo "Done! \n"; fclose($fp); } echo "======================== \n"; echo "End of IIF file creation \n"; There s a lot going on in this script. It starts by grabbing all shipment orders dated from midnight yesterday to now. Assume that if a shipment order has been created, it s safe to import into QuickBooks for invoice creation and recordkeeping. Once you have a list of order IDs, you can start extracting the detailed information such as the individual items ordered, shipping address, billing address, and when the sales transaction was completed. Next, purge all that info into QuickBooks IIF format. And you re done. Figure 12-4 shows a sample output.

Note The unit test doesn t call book.save explicitly. ActiveRecord is smart enough to know that it must persist the book to the database when the book is added to the author s collection of books. Also note that you could use assert_difference (introduced in the previous chapter), instead of two calls to assert_equal.

Before writing a function for storing names, let s write one for getting them: def lookup(data, label, name): return data[label].get(name) With lookup you can take a label (such as 'middle') and a name (such as 'Lie') and get a list of full names returned. In other words, assuming my name was stored, you could do this: >>> lookup(storage, 'middle', 'Lie') ['Magnus Lie Hetland'] It s important to notice that the list that is returned is the same list that is stored in the data structure. So if you change the list, the change also affects the data structure. (This is not the case if no people are found: then you simply return None.) Now it s time to write the function that stores a name in your structure: def store(data, full_name): names = full_name.split() if len(names) == 2: names.insert(1, '') labels = 'first', 'middle', 'last' for label, name in zip(labels, names): people = lookup(data, label, name) if people: people.append(full_name) else: data[label][name] = [full_name] The store function performs the following steps: 1. You enter the function with the parameters data and full_name set to some values that you receive from the outside world. 2. You make yourself a list called names by splitting full_name. 3. If the length of names is 2 (you only have a first and a last name), you insert an empty string as a middle name.

You can also run this script through the command line, but we set up this script to run daily using the linux cron command. To find more information on cron, go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron. From the preceding examples, you can see how to extract sales order information from Magento and customize the output into any format. QuickBooks IIF file format requires tab delineation, but you can easily change it to commas or even XML tags. All the customized scripts have been a variation of the preceding sample. XML creation isn t discussed because each company has its own XML attributes, and there are plenty of examples online. But we hope you saw how the API can be used in the real world to extract useful information for your purposes.

The unit test performs the following tasks in order: 1. Look up a publisher and verify that there are two books in the books collection. These two books are inserted by the fixture at the start of the test. 2. Create a new book and associate two authors with it. 3. Add the new book to the publisher s collection of books. 4. Reload the book and publisher data from the database. 5. Verify that the publisher has three books, instead of the original count of two. 6. Verify that the publisher s name is the one we assigned.