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of the fields to which you added validations. When you run the test, there is a validation failure on each of the fields eight in total. We test for this condition with the assert_equal method. We also check that validations are done on the correct fields, by calling book.errors.on on each validated field. This method returns the actual error message for the specified field, and if it returns nil, we know the validation is not working. Run the unit test, and you should see it pass without errors: $ ruby test/unit/book_test.rb Loaded suite test/unit/book_test Started . Finished in 0.172 seconds. 1 tests, 9 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors You should also test that a valid book can be saved to the database, by adding the test_create method to the unit test, as follows: fixtures :authors, :publishers def test_create book = Book.new( :title => 'Ruby for Toddlers', :publisher_id => Publisher.find(1).id, :published_at => Time.now, :authors => Author.find(:all), :isbn => '123-123-123-1', :blurb => 'The best book since "Bodo B r zu Hause"', :page_count => 12, :price => 40.4 ) assert book.save end This test looks up an author and a publisher from the database. These are inserted by the publisher and author fixtures, which have also been added. The test creates a new book with valid parameters, including a publisher and author, and then validates that the book was saved successfully. Recall that calling save on the book object returns true if there are no validation errors.

Using a function to change a data structure (such as a list or a dictionary) can be a good way of introducing abstraction into your program. Let s say you want to write a program that stores names and that allows you to look up people either by their first, middle, or last names. You might use a data structure like this:

Another common work request we receive from clients involves the ability to hook Magento s data into QuickBooks. This is useful for the accounting team if they are keeping all billing records through QuickBooks. The biggest hurdle was figuring out how QuickBooks IIF file format works. It s very particular and exact, and the mathematical logic had to match up correctly, or else QuickBooks importing would fail. More information on IIF format can be found here: http://support.quickbooks.intuit.com/support/Pages/KnowledgeBaseArticle/bde7b06f. In this script, you will pull all orders that contain shipping invoices, extract the billing and shipping info, and create an IIF file for QuickBooks to import. Content of PHP script file (create_iif_file.php): < php // ====================== // setup vars // ====================== $magento_webserver = 'www.myDomain.com'; $magento_webservices_username = 'xxxx'; $magento_webservices_passwd = 'xxxx'; $iif_file = 'exported_orders.iif'; // ===================== // helper function // ===================== function quickbooksDateFix($x) { $x = array_shift(split(' ', $x)); list($y, $m, $d) = split("[-]", $x); $m = intval($m); // remove leading zeros

You want to be sure that the mapping between authors, books, and publishers works. George won t be happy at all, if there s a bug in the code that prevents him from adding the latest bestsellers to the catalog.

$d = intval($d); // remove leading zeros return "$m/$d/$y"; } function removeCommas(&$x) { foreach ($x as $key => $val) { $x[$key] = str_replace(',', '', trim($val)); $x[$key] = str_replace(array("\r","\n"), ' ', $x[$key]); } } // ====================== // no maximum execution time // ====================== set_time_limit(0); echo "======================== \n"; echo "Begin IIF file creation... \n"; // ====================== // verify login to magento web services // ====================== try { $client = new SoapClient("http://$magento_webserver/index.php/api/soap/ wsdl"); $session_id= $client->login($magento_webservices_username, $magento_webservices_passwd); echo "Soap login complete! \n"; } catch (SoapFault $fault) { die("\n\n SOAP Fault: (fault code: {$fault->faultcode}, fault string: {$fault->faultstring}) \n\n"); } // ======================================= // STEP 1: FETCH ALL SHIPMENT ORDERS // ======================================= echo "Fetching all shipment orders created between now and yesterday... \n"; $orders = $client->call($session_id, 'sales_order_shipment.list', array( array('created_at'=>array('gt'=> date('Y-m-d h:i:s', strtotime('yesterday'); ) )) ) );