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Before writing unit tests for the model, you should add some validations to the model. The Book model has quite a few attributes that should be validated, as listed in Table 3-5. Table 3-5. Validations on the Book Model

After you have the CSV file filled out with your new products, from the top menu go to System, Import/Export, Profiles. Select the Import All Products profile. The Profile Wizard has an array of choices. Running the import with default settings is fine. Select Update File from the left subnav. Click the Browse button and choose your CSV file. Before you can run the profile, click the Save and Continue Editing button to upload the file. Select Run Profile from the left subnav and the drop down menu should contain the CSV file you just uploaded (see Figure 12-3).

The title should be at least 1 character long and have a maximum of 255 characters. This validation is done by adding validates_length_of :title, :in => 1..255 to the model. A publisher should be assigned to the book. This validation is done by adding validates_presence_of :publisher to the model. A book should have at least one author. This validation is done by adding validates_presence_of :authors to the model. The published date should be specified. This validation is done by adding validates_presence_of :published_at to the model. The ISBN number should be in the correct format. This validation is done by adding validates_format_of :isbn, :with => /[0-9\-xX]{13}/ to the model. The validation uses a regular expression, which checks that there are 13 characters in the ISBN. Note that this is not a complete validation of an ISBN number, but sufficient for our requirements. The page count should be an integer. This validation is done by adding validates_numericality_of :page_count, :only_integer => true to the model. The price should be a number. This validation is done by adding validates_numericality_of :price to the model.

There is a built-in function called help, which can be quite useful. If you use it in the interactive interpreter, you can get information about a function, including its docstring: >>> help(square) Help on function square in module __main__: square(x) Calculates the square of the number x. You meet the help function again in 10.

Figure 12-3. Run Profile Click Run Profile in Popup and the importing will start. Once completed, you can go to Catalog, Manage Products and verify that all the new products have been imported.

Next, add each of these validations to the book model, app/models/book.rb, as shown here: class Book < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :authors belongs_to :publisher validates_length_of :title, :in => 1..255 validates_presence_of :publisher validates_presence_of :authors validates_presence_of :published_at validates_numericality_of :page_count, :only_integer => true validates_numericality_of :price validates_format_of :isbn, :with => /[0-9\-xX]{13}/ validates_uniqueness_of :isbn end

Note Because the Import/Export tool runs in the web browser, you may receive errors such as PHP Max

Functions, in the mathematical sense, always return something that is calculated from their parameters. In Python, some functions don t return anything. In other languages (such as Pascal), such functions may be called other things (such as procedures), but in Python a function is a function, even if it technically isn t. Functions that don t return anything simply don t have a return statement. Or, if they do have return statements, there is no value after the word return:

There s one important step left to do before we start writing unit tests: we need to clone the development database to the test environment. Your unit tests will use the test database,

Execution timeout or Upload file exceeds Max File Size. max_execution_time (http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.set-time-limit.php) upload_max_size (http://us2.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.upload-max-filesize) post_max_size - (http://us2.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.post-max-size) When this occurs, you ll want to start using the Import/Export filters shown in Figure 12-2 to limit the data processed. You can also change your PHP s variables within the php.ini or through .htaccess file. Check with your hosting provider for a valid solution.